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dual, high voltage current shunt monitor ad8213 rev. a information furnished by analog devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by analog devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. specifications subject to change without notice. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of analog devices. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. one technology way, p.o. box 9106, norwood, ma 02062-9106, u.s.a. tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com fax: 781.461.3113 ?2007C2009 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. features 4000 v hbm esd high common-mode voltage range ?2 v to +65 v operating ?3 v to +68 v survival buffered output voltage wide operating temperature range 10-lead msop: ?40c to +125c excellent ac and dc performance 3 v/c typical offset drift ?10 ppm/c typical gain drift 120 db typical cmrr at dc applications high-side current sensing motor controls transmission controls diesel injection controls engine management suspension controls vehicle dynamic controls dc-to-dc converters functional block diagram a2 g = +20 ? in2 +in2 proprietary offset circuitry cf2 out2 a1 g = +20 ? in1 +in1 proprietary offset circuitry cf1 gnd out1 v+ ad8213 06639-001 figure 1. general description the ad8213 is a dual-channel, precision current sense amplifier. it features a set gain of 20 v/v, with a maximum 0.5% gain error over the entire temperature range. the buffered output voltage directly interfaces with any typical converter. excellent common- mode rejection from ?2 v to +65 v, is independent of the 5 v supply. the ad8213 performs unidirectional current measure- ments across a shunt resistor in a variety of industrial and automotive applications, such as motor control, solenoid control, or battery management. special circuitry is devoted to output linearity being maintained throughout the input differential voltage range of 0 mv to 250 mv, regardless of the common-mode voltage present. the ad8213 also features additional pins that allow the user to low-pass filter the input signal before amplifying, via an external capacitor to ground. the ad8213 has an operating temperature range of ?40 o c to +125 o c and is offered in a small 10-lead msop package.
ad8213 rev. a | page 2 of 16 table of contents features .............................................................................................. 1 applications ....................................................................................... 1 functional block diagram .............................................................. 1 general description ......................................................................... 1 revision history ............................................................................... 2 specifications ..................................................................................... 3 absolute maximum ratings ............................................................ 4 esd caution .................................................................................. 4 pin configuration and function descriptions ............................. 5 typical performance characteristics ............................................. 6 theory of operation ...................................................................... 10 application notes ........................................................................... 11 output linearity ......................................................................... 11 low-pass filtering ...................................................................... 11 applications information .............................................................. 12 high-side current sense with a low-side switch ................. 12 high-side current sensing ....................................................... 12 low-side current sensing ........................................................ 12 bidirectional current sensing .................................................. 13 outline dimensions ....................................................................... 14 ordering guide .......................................................................... 14 revision history 5/09rev. 0 to rev. a changes to ordering guide .......................................................... 14 5/07revision 0: initial version
ad8213 rev. a | page 3 of 16 specifications t opr = operating temperature range, v s = 5 v, r l = 25 k (r l is the output load resistor), unless otherwise noted. table 1. ad8213 parameter min typ max unit conditions gain initial 20 v/v accuracy 0.25 % v o 0.1 v dc accuracy over temperature 0.5 % t opr gain vs. temperature 0 ?10 ?25 ppm/ c voltage offset offset voltage (rti) 1 mv 25c over temperature (rti) 2.2 mv t opr offset drift 12 v/ c t opr input input impedance differential 5 k common mode 5 m v common mode > 5 v 3.5 k v common mode < 5 v common-mode input voltage range ?2 +65 v common mode continuous differential input voltage range 250 mv differential input voltage common-mode rejection 100 120 db t opr , f = dc, v cm > 5 v (see figure 5 ) 80 90 db t opr , f = dc, v cm < 5 v (see figure 5 ) output output voltage range low 0.1 0.05 v output voltage range high 4.95 4.9 v output impedance 2 filter resistor 18 20 22 k c f access to resistor for low-pass f ilter dynamic response small signal ?3 db bandwidth 500 khz slew rate 4.5 v/s c out = 20 pf, no f ilter capacitor (c f ) 2.7 v/s c out = 20 pf, c f = 20 pf noise 0.1 hz to 10 hz, rti 7 v p-p spectral density, 1 khz, rti 70 nv/ hz power supply operating range 4.5 5.5 v quiescent current over temperature 2.5 3.75 ma v cm > 5 v, per amplifier 1 , total supply current for two channels power supply rejection ratio 76 db temperature range for specified performance ?40 +125 c 1 when the input common mode is less than 5 v, the supply current increases. this can be calculated by i s = ?0.52(v cm ) + 4.9 (see ). figure 11
ad8213 rev. a | page 4 of 16 absolute maximum ratings table 2. parameter rating supply voltage 12.5 v continuous input voltage ?3 v to +68 v reverse supply voltage ?0.3 v hbm (human body model) esd rating 4000 v cdm (charged device model) esd rating 1000 v operating temperature range ?40c to +125c storage temperature range ?65c to +150c output short-circuit duration indefinite stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. esd caution
ad8213 rev. a | page 5 of 16 pin configuration and fu nction descriptions 06639-002 1 2 10 9 38 47 5 6 figure 2. metallization diagram ?in2 1 +in2 2 gnd 3 out2 4 cf2 5 ?in1 10 +in1 9 v+ 8 out1 7 cf1 6 ad8213 top view (not to scale) 06639-003 figure 3. pin configuration table 3. pin function descriptions pin o. neonic description 1 ?in2 ?401 677 inverting input of the second channel. 2 +in2 ?401 510 noninverting input of the second channel. 3 gnd ?401 ?53 ground. 4 out2 ?394 ?500 output of the second channel. 5 cf2 ?448 ?768 low-pass filter pin for the second channel. 6 cf1 448 ?768 low-pass filter pin for the first channel. 7 out1 394 ?500 output of the first channel. 8 v+ 401 ?61 supply. 9 +in1 401 510 noninverting input of the first channel. 10 ?in1 401 677 inverting input of the first channel.
ad8213 rev. a | page 6 of 16 typical performance characteristics 0.8 ?0.8 ?0.7 ?0.6 ?0.5 ?0.4 ?0.3 ?0.2 ?0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 120 ?40 0 ?20 20406080100 v osi (mv) temperature (c) 06639-104 figure 4. typical offset drift 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 10 1m 100k 10k 1k 100 cmrr (db) frequency (hz) 0 6639-005 common-mode voltage > 5v common-mode voltage < 5v figure 5. cmrr vs. frequency 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 ?500 ?1000 ?1500 ?2000 ?2500 gain error (ppm) temperature (c) 06639-102 120 ?40 0 ?20 20406080100 figure 6. typical gain drift 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 ?5 ?10 ?15 ?20 ?25 ?30 ?35 ?40 10k 100k 1m 10m gain (db) frequency (hz) 06639-008 figure 7. typical small signal bandwidth (v out = 200 mv p-p) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ?1 0 02 959085807570656055504540353025201510 5 output error (%) (% error of the ideal output value) differential input voltage (mv) 5 0 06639-013 figure 8. total output error vs. differential input voltage ? 475 ?535 ?530 ?525 ?520 ?515 ?510 ?505 ?500 ?495 ?490 ?485 ?480 02 +in ?in 225 200175150125100 755025 input bias current (na) differential input voltage (mv) 5 0 06639-010 figure 9. input bias current vs. differential input voltage (v cm = 0 v) (per channel)
ad8213 rev. a | page 7 of 16 0.2 ?1.2 ?1.0 ?0.8 ?0.6 ?0.4 ?0.2 0 ?5 65 55 45 35 25 15 5 input bias current (ma) input common-mode voltage (v) 06639-011 figure 10. input bias current vs. common-mode voltage (per input) 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 ?4 ?2 0 2 4 6 8 65 supply current (ma) common-mode voltage (v) 06639-012 figure 11. supply current vs. common-mode voltage time (2s/div) 100mv/div input output output 1v/div, c f = 100pf 1v/div, c f = 20pf 06639-014 figure 12. fall time time (2s/div) 100mv/div 1v/div, c f = 100pf 1v/div, c f = 20pf 06639-015 input output output figure 13. rise time time (1s/div) 200mv/div 2v/div, c f = 20pf 06639-016 input output figure 14. differential overload recovery (falling) time (1s/div) 200mv/div 2v/div, c f = 20pf 06639-017 input output figure 15. differential overload recovery (rising)
ad8213 rev. a | page 8 of 16 time (5s/div) 06639-105 2v/div 0.01/div figure 16. settling time (falling) time (5s/div) 06639-106 2v/div 0.01/div figure 17. settling time (rising) 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ?40 ?20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 maximum output sink current (ma) temperature (c) 06639-020 figure 18. output sink current vs. temperature (per channel) 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ?40 ?20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 maximum output source current (ma) temperature (c) 06639-021 figure 19. output source current vs. temperature (per channel) 5.0 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 07 7.06.56.05.55.04.54.03.53.02.5 2.01.51.00.5 output voltage range (v) output source current (ma) . 5 06639-023 figure 20. output voltage range vs. output source current (per channel) 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 01 987654321 output voltage range from gnd (v) output sink current (ma) 0 06639-024 figure 21. output voltage range fr om gnd vs. output sink current (per channel)
ad8213 rev. a | page 9 of 16 1000 800 600 400 200 0 ?15 15 10 5 0 ?5 ?10 count v os (v/c) 06639-006 figure 22. offset drift distribution (v/c) (temperature range = ?40c to +125c) 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 0 ?3?6 ?9 ?12 ?15 ?18 ?21 ?24 count gain drift (ppm/c) 06639-101 figure 23. gain drift distribution (ppm/c) (temperature range = ?40c to +125c) 2100 1800 1500 1200 900 600 300 0 2.0 ?2.0 ?1.5 ?1.0 ?0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 count v os (mv) 06639-103 temp = ?40c temp = +25c temp = +125c figure 24. offset distribution (mv) (v cm = 6 v)
ad8213 rev. a | page 10 of 16 theory of operation in typical applications, the ad8213 amplifies a small differential input voltage generated by the load current flowing through a shunt resistor. the ad8213 rejects high common-mode voltages (up to 65 v) and provides a ground referenced, buffered output that interfaces with an analog-to-digital converter (adc). figure 25 shows a simplified schematic of the ad8213. the following explanation refers exclusively to channel 1 of the ad8213, however, the same explanation applies to channel 2. a load current flowing through the external shunt resistor produces a voltage at the input terminals of the ad8213. the input terminals are connected to amplifier a1 by resistor r1 (1) and resistor r1 (2) . the inverting terminal, which has very high input impedance is held to (v cm ) C (i shunt r shunt ), since negligible current flows through resistor r1 (2) . amplifier a1 forces the noninverting input to the same potential. therefore, the current that flows through resistor r1 (1) , is equal to i in1 = (i shunt1 r shunt1 )/r1 (1) this current (i in1 ) is converted back to a voltage via r out1 . the output buffer amplifier has a gain of 20 v/v, and offers excellent accuracy as the internal gain setting resistors are precision trimmed to within 0.01% matching. the resulting output voltage is equal to v out1 = (i shunt1 r shunt1 ) 20 prior to the buffer amplifier, a precision-trimmed 20 k ? resistor is available to perform low-pass filtering of the input signal prior to the amplification stage. this means that the noise of the input signal is not amplified, but rejected, resulting in a more precise output signal that will directly interface with a converter. a capacitor from the cf1 pin to gnd, will result in a low-pass filter with a corner frequency of () filter db c f 200002 1 3 = ? a2 g = +20 proprietary offset circuitry cf2 o ut2 = (i shunt2 r shunt2 ) 20 a1 g = +20 r shunt1 r shunt2 i shunt1 i shunt2 proprietary offset circuitry cf1 gnd out1 = (i shunt1 r shunt1 ) 20 v+ ad8213 20k? 20k? q2 r2 (1) r2 (2) r1 (1) r1 (2) q1 r out2 r out1 i in2 i in1 06639-028 figure 25. simplified schematic
ad8213 rev. a | page 11 of 16 application notes output linearity in all current sensing applications, and especially in automotive and industrial environments where the common-mode voltage can vary significantly, it is important that the current sensor maintain the specified output linearity, regardless of the input differential or common-mode voltage. the ad8213 contains specific circuitry on the input stage, which ensures that even when the differential input voltage is very small, and the common-mode voltage is also low (below the 5 v supply), the input to output linearity is maintained. figure 26 displays the input differential voltage versus the corresponding output voltage at different common modes. 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 012345678910 v out (mv) v in differential (mv) ideal v out v out @ v cm = 0v v out @ v cm = 65v 06639-029 figure 26. gain linearity due to differential and common-mode voltage the ad8213 provides a correct output voltage, regardless of the common mode, when the input differential is at least 2 mv. this is due to the voltage range of the output amplifier that can go as low as 33 mv typical. the specified minimum output amplifier voltage is 100 mv in order to provide sufficient guardbands. the ability of the ad8213 to work with very small differential inputs regardless of the common-mode voltage, allows for more dynamic range, accuracy, and flexibility in any current sensing application. low-pass filtering in typical applications, such as motor and solenoid current sensing, filtering the differential input signal of the ad8213 could be beneficial in reducing differential common-mode noise as well as transients and current ripples flowing through the input shunt resistor. typically, such a filter can be imple- mented by adding a resistor in series with each input and a capacitor directly between the input pins. however, the ad8213 features a filter pin available after the input stage, but before the final amplification stage. the user can connect a capacitor to ground, making a low-pass filter with the internal precision- trimmed 20 k ? resistor. this means the no gain or cmrr errors are introduced by adding resistors at the input of the ad8213. figure 27 shows the typical connection. a2 g = +20 proprietary offset circuitry a1 g = +20 r shunt1 r shunt2 i shunt1 i shunt2 proprietary offset circuitry v + ad8213 20k ? 20k? r2 (1) r2 (2) r1 (1) r1 (2) gnd cap2 cap1 cf2 cf1 0 6639-030 figure 27. filter capacitor connections the 3 db frequency of this low-pass filter is calculated using the following formula: () 200002 1 3 = ? it is recommended that in order to prevent output chatter due to noise potentially entering through the filter pin and coupling to the output, a capacitor is always placed from the filter pin to gnd. this can be a 20 pf capa citor in cases when all of the bandwidth of the ad8213 is needed in the application.
ad8213 rev. a | page 12 of 16 applications information high-side current sense with a low-side switch in such load control configurations, the pwm controlled switch is ground referenced. an inductive load (solenoid) is tied to a power supply. a resistive shunt is placed between the switch and the load (see figure 28 ). an advantage of placing the shunt on the high side is that the entire current, including the recircu- lation current, can be measured, because the shunt remains in the loop when the switch is off. in addition, diagnostics can be enhanced because shorts to ground can be detected with the shunt on the high side. in this circuit configuration, when the switch is closed, the common-mode voltage moves down to near the negative rail. when the switch is opened, the voltage reversal across the inductive load causes the common-mode voltage to be held one diode drop above the battery by the clamp diode. ?in2 1 +in2 2 gnd 3 out2 4 cf2 5 ?in1 10 +in1 9 v+ 8 out1 7 cf1 6 ad8213 inductive load clamp diode switch shunt battery inductive load clamp diode switch shunt battery 5v cap1 cap2 0 6639-031 figure 28. low-side switch high-side current sensing in this configuration, the shunt resistor is referenced to the battery. high voltage will be present at the inputs of the current sense amplifier. in this mode, the recirculation current is again measured and shorts to ground can be detected. when the shunt is battery referenced the ad8213 produces a linear ground referenced analog output. an ad8214 can also be used to provide an overcurrent detection signal in as little as 100 ns. this feature will be useful in high current systems, where fast shutdown in overcurrent conditions is essential. ?in2 1 +in2 2 gnd 3 out2 4 cf2 5 ?in1 10 +in1 9 v+ 8 out1 7 cf1 6 ad8213 load switch cap2 shunt battery 1 v s 2 +in 3 v reg 4 nc 8 ?in 7 nc 6 gnd 5 out ad8214 overcurrent detection (<100ns) load switch cap1 shunt battery 1 v s 2 +in 3 v reg 4 nc 8 ?in 7 nc 6 gnd 5 out ad8214 overcurrent detection (<100ns) 06639-032 5v figure 29. battery referenced shunt resistor low-side current sensing in systems where low-side current sensing is preferred, the ad8213 provides an integrated solution with great accuracy. ground noise is rejected, cmrr is typical higher than 90 db, and output linearity is not compromised, regardless of the input differential voltage. ?in2 1 +in2 2 gnd 3 out2 4 cf2 5 ?in1 10 +in1 9 v+ 8 out1 7 cf1 6 ad8213 inductive load clamp diode switch shunt battery inductive load clamp diode switch shunt battery 5v 06639-033 figure 30. ground referenced shunt resistor
ad8213 rev. a | page 13 of 16 bidirectional current sensing the ad8213 can also be configured to sense current in both directions at the inputs. this configuration is useful in charge/ discharge applications. a typical connection diagram is shown in figure 31 . in this mode channel 1 monitors i load and channel 2 monitors i charge . 1 2 3 4 ?in2 +in2 gnd out2 cf2 5 10 9 8 7 ?in1 +in1 v+ out1 cf1 6 ad8213 cf2 cf1 5v load charger battery r shunt i load i charge 06639-034 figure 31. bidirectional current sensing for applications requiring a bidirectional current measurement, an optimal solution could be to use a single channel device, which offers the same functionality as the previous circuit. the ad8210 is a single channel current sensor featuring bidirec- tional capability. the typical connection diagram for the ad8210 in bidirectional applications is shown in figure 32 . load charger battery r shunt 0.1f ad8210 output g = +20 +in ?in v+ v ref 1 v ref 2 gnd 06639-035 i load i charge figure 32. ad8210 in bidirectional applications
ad8213 rev. a | page 14 of 16 outline dimensions compliant to jedec standards mo-187-ba 0.23 0.08 0.80 0.60 0.40 8 0 0.15 0.05 0.33 0.17 0.95 0.85 0.75 seating plane 1.10 max 10 6 5 1 0.50 bsc pin 1 coplanarity 0.10 3.10 3.00 2.90 3.10 3.00 2.90 5.15 4.90 4.65 figure 33. 10-lead mini small outline package [msop] (rm-10) dimensions shown in millimeters ordering guide model temperature range package desc ription package option branding ad8213yrmz 1 ?40c to +125c 10-lead msop rm-10 h0u AD8213YRMZ-RL 1 ?40c to +125c 10-lead msop, 13 tape and reel rm-10 h0u AD8213YRMZ-RL7 1 ?40c to +125c 10-lead msop, 7 tape and reel rm-10 h0u ad8213wyrmz 1 ?40c to +125c 10-lead msop rm-10 y2b ad8213wyrmz-rl 1 ?40c to +125c 10-lead msop, 13 tape and reel rm-10 y2b ad8213wyrmz-r7 1 ?40c to +125c 10-lead msop, 7 tape and reel rm-10 y2b 1 z = rohs compliant part.
ad8213 rev. a | page 15 of 16 notes
ad8213 rev. a | page 16 of 16 notes ?2007C2009 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. trademarks and registered trademarks are the prop erty of their respective owners. d06639-0-5/09(a)

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